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Forcible Confinement Sentence in Canada: An Overview

Forcible Confinement Sentence in Canada: An Overview

Summary: minimum: none, maximum: 18 months incarceration. Indictable: min: 4, 5, 7 years incarceration (with a firearm), 10 years incarceration (confine) Life (kidnap)

Factors That Affect Sentencing

Refers to whether the defendant has entered into a plea agreement with the prosecution in exchange for a reduced sentence, or whether the defendant has provided information or assistance to the authorities during the investigation or prosecution of the case.
Refers to circumstances that reduce the defendant’s level of responsibility or moral culpability for the offence, such as acting under duress or compulsion or because it was necessary to prevent greater harm.
Refers to the evidence or arguments presented by both the prosecution and the defence that may have an impact on the sentence, such as evidence of previous bad acts committed by the defendant or mitigating circumstances such as mental illness or addiction.
Refers to the accused’s military or public service or other achievements that may be relevant to sentencing.
Indicates the specific laws, policies and case law in the jurisdiction where the offence was committed that may affect the sentence, such as mandatory minimum sentences, sentencing guidelines or prevailing community views about punishment.
The extent to which the defendant has cooperated with the police and other authorities in investigating and prosecuting his own case may be a factor in sentencing. Cooperation may demonstrate acceptance of responsibility and be considered by the court as a mitigating factor.
The defendant’s age and any physical or mental health problems may be relevant to the court in determining an appropriate sentence. For example, an elderly defendant or one with a serious health problem may be sentenced more leniently.
The defendant’s role in the commission of the offence may affect his or her sentence A principal or co-conspirator may receive a more severe sentence than an accomplice or someone who played a minor role.
The financial resources of the accused and his or her ability to meet financial penalties may be considered in determining an appropriate sentence.
Sentencing may be influenced by the aim of deterring the defendant and others from committing similar offences in the future. A severe sentence may act as a deterrent, whereas a lesser sentence may not.
The safety and protection of the public is a key consideration in sentencing. A defendant who poses a significant threat to the safety of the public may be sentenced more severely to ensure that he or she is not able to commit further offences.
The defendant’s potential for rehabilitation, or ability to be successfully treated or trained so as not to offend again, may be taken into account in determining an appropriate sentence.
A court is required to follow sentencing guidelines and mandatory minimums established by state or federal law, but has some discretion.
Aggravation is a factor in the offense or conduct which increases the penalty, whereas mitigation is a factor which decreases the penalty.
Community and judicial views on the appropriate punishment for a particular offence can be a factor in sentencing Public opinion and the views of the judge or sentencing panel can have an impact on the perceived severity of a particular sentence.
A sentencing factor that may be considered is the extent to which the defendant assisted law enforcement or other authorities in the investigation or prosecution of the offence.
Age, mental and physical health of an accused person may be relevant to sentencing, as these factors may affect his or her ability to understand consequences of his or her actions and his or her capacity for rehabilitation.
The role of the defendant in the commission of the offence may also be taken into account, with those who have played a leading or more active role often receiving a more severe sentence.
This factor relates to the specific details and events surrounding the offence, including method and aggravating or mitigating circumstances.
This factor considers the defendant’s criminal history, including any previous convictions, and the defendant’s history of previous convictions.
It takes into account a defendants’ whole background, including education, employment, family circumstances and any history of drug or alcohol misuse.
This factor considers the defendant’s demonstrated remorse for the crime committed, including apologies or expressions of regret.
This factor assesses the physical, emotional and financial harm suffered by the victim/s as a result of the crime, and how the crime has affected their lives.

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